Il faut que tu fasses tes devoirs. Je veux que vous soyez à l'heure. Il est important que nous ayons un plan. Bien qu'il pleuve, nous allons sortir.
Le subjonctif présent
Le subjonctif présent (introduction)
What you'll learn
- Recognise when the subjunctive is needed
- Form the regular subjunctive
- Use key irregular subjunctive forms
Tips for this lesson
- The subjunctive is triggered by specific expressions, mainly with que — it's about the STRUCTURE, not the meaning alone.
- Regular formation: take the ils-form of the present, drop -ent, add subjunctive endings.
- A handful of very common verbs (être, avoir, aller, faire) have irregular subjunctive stems — memorise them.
In context
Read. Notice que + a special verb form after expressions like il faut and je veux.
The pattern — trigger + que + subjunctive
Certain expressions followed by que require the subjunctive in the next verb. Form it from the ils-stem.
The subjonctif is a different verb mood, not just another tense — it's used after specific trigger expressions + que, mainly to express necessity, will, emotion, or doubt: il faut que (it's necessary that), vouloir que (to want that), il est important que, bien que (although). To form the regular subjunctive: take the ils form of the present tense, drop -ent, and add: -e, -es, -e, -ions, -iez, -ent. Four very common verbs have irregular stems: être → soi-, avoir → ai-, aller → aill-, faire → fass-.
| Pronoun | Ending | finir (ils finissent → finiss-) |
|---|---|---|
| que je | -e | que je finisse |
| que tu | -es | que tu finisses |
| qu'il/elle/on | -e | qu'il finisse |
| que nous | -ions | que nous finissions |
| que vous | -iez | que vous finissiez |
| qu'ils/elles | -ent | qu'ils finissent |
| Common trigger | Meaning |
|---|---|
| il faut que | it's necessary that / you must |
| vouloir que | to want (someone to do something) |
| il est important que | it's important that |
| bien que | although |
Il faut que tu fasses tes devoirs.
You must do your homework.
faire → irregular stem fass- + -es.
Je veux que vous soyez à l'heure.
I want you to be on time.
être → irregular stem soi- + -ez.
Il est important que nous ayons un plan.
It's important that we have a plan.
avoir's subjunctive (ayons) is fully irregular — memorise it as its own form, not from a rule.
Bien qu'il pleuve, nous sortons.
Although it's raining, we're going out.
pleuvoir's subjunctive form: qu'il pleuve.
Erreurs fréquentes
- Il faut que tu fais tes devoirs.Il faut que tu fasses tes devoirs.
il faut que ALWAYS triggers the subjunctive — never the present indicative (fais), even though the meaning feels straightforward.
- Je veux que tu viens.Je veux que tu viennes.
vouloir que is a classic subjunctive trigger — use viennes, not the indicative viens.
- Il faut que tu as du temps.Il faut que tu aies du temps.
avoir's subjunctive stem is irregular (ai-/ayons/ayez) — don't default to the present indicative as.
Exceptions & à retenir
nous/vous subjunctive forms often look like the imparfait
que nous finissions, que vous finissiez resemble the imparfait forms — but for -ir/-re verbs the subjunctive stem often matches the imparfait stem exactly for nous/vous. Context (the que trigger) tells you it's subjunctive.
avoir and être have doubly-irregular forms
avoir: que j'aie, que tu aies, qu'il ait, que nous ayons, que vous ayez, qu'ils aient. être: que je sois, que tu sois, qu'il soit, que nous soyons, que vous soyez, qu'ils soient. These don't follow the ils-stem rule at all — pure memorisation.
Not every que triggers the subjunctive
je pense que + indicative (not subjunctive) — opinion verbs in the AFFIRMATIVE take the indicative. Only their NEGATIVE/questioned forms trigger subjunctive. Full contrast comes in the last B1 lesson.
Astuces & mémo
- The test is mechanical: does the sentence use a trigger expression + que? If yes, the next verb MUST be subjunctive — you don't need to 'feel' the mood, just recognise the trigger.
- Memorise il faut que as your anchor trigger — it's the most common and useful one to start producing confidently.
- The four irregular stems (soi-, ai-, aill-, fass-) are worth memorising as a set — être, avoir, aller, faire are extremely frequent verbs.
Match the irregular subjunctive stem
Match each verb to its irregular subjunctive stem.
- Q1êtreA____________
- Q2avoirA____________
- Q3allerA____________
- Q4faireA____________
Guided practice — form the subjunctive
Complete with the correct subjunctive form after the trigger.
Build the sentence
Put the words in the correct order.
- Sentence 1Tap the words below to build the sentence.
- Sentence 2Tap the words below to build the sentence.
Produce it
Say three things that are necessary or that you want someone to do, using il faut que / je veux que.
- 1.Qu'est-ce qu'il faut que vous fassiez cette semaine ?
- 2.Que voulez-vous que vos amis fassent pour vous ?
- 3.Qu'est-ce qui est important pour vous ?